In case of rape of venous blood, the pressure increases inside the veins, they begin to expand and become visible under the skin.Varicosa disease most frequently affects the veins of the lower extremities, but can occur in any organ of the human body.
General characteristic
Leg varicosis can affect men and women of any age, but more frequently is found in middle -aged and elderly patients.Varicose veins are a very common disease.Up to 15% of older men and almost all older women suffer from this disease.
Risk factors for the development of pathology:
- the presence of a disease in nearby relatives;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- overweight;
- long stay in the standing position;
- pregnancy.
The causes of varicose veins
The causes of varicose veins are not completely studied.In some cases, low blood flow through the veins is caused by the absence or weakness of the valve apparatus of the blood vessels located in the depths of the fabrics.In addition, varicose veins of the lower extremities and other organs can be caused by the weakness of the vascular wall itself.
Less common, varicose veins in the legs are associated with the following conditions:
- inflammation transferred with veins (phlebitis);
- the formation of blood clots in the venous line;
- Congenital anomalies in the development of blood vessels.
The disease is characterized by a progressive course and cannot be completely cured.However, there is a fairly effective prevention of varicose veins: the use of compression means, maintaining normal weight and regular physical activity, mainly walking or swimming.The dynamic load in the legs helps the muscles to push the blood into the veins, and not give it a leak in the opposite direction.
Classification of varicose veins
Depending on the location of the pathologically altered vessels, such varicose vein forms are distinguished:
- Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women;
- lesion of the veins of the lower extremities;
- the expansion of the veins of the esophagus during the pathology of the liver;
- Post -pophyic options in different organs.
There are such stages of varicose veins:
- Compensated: There are no complaints, the veins expanded on the legs are visible;
- Subcommitted: patients complain about swelling, explosion, leg severity, seizures at night;
- Decompensation: Skin changes are developed: hyperpigmentation, signs of chronic inflammation, trophic ulcers.
The clinic often uses the CEAP classification, completely describing the clinical signs, the causes, the location of the lesion and the type of blood flow disorders.
Symptoms of varicose veins
In the initial stage of patients, only aesthetic discomfort worries.In the future they come together:
- painful pain, seizures, itching in the skin;
- Swelling, especially at night, severity and fatigue in the legs;
- A feeling of explosion.
Less frequent, but the most serious symptoms include:
- subcutaneous hemorrhages of a broken vein;
- thrombophlebitis;
- trophic ulcers;
- "Wet" dermatitis;
- Rough scar changes in the skin.
These complications are very worse for the treatment that pathology at an early stage.
To explore the veins on the legs and obtain the treatment of varicose veins, you must contact a vascular surgeon or a phlebologist.The diagnosis necessarily includes dopplerography of ultrasound veins to evaluate the bloodstream, the wall of the glass, the valve apparatus.
Treatment of varicose veins
The methods of how to treat varicose veins depend on the size and location of altered veins, the presence of symptoms and skin changes.The treatment of varicose veins is carried out using several methods:
- the high position of the legs in the position of lying or sitting;
- the use of special compression knit garments;
- sclerotherapy (the introduction of a special medication in light with the formation of a blood clot and the subsequent destruction of the vein);
- Pathologically altered veins ablation using laser, radiofrequency and other techniques;
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins in the legs: phlebectomy.
In the early stages of the disease, the doctor will prescribe a medicine for varicose veins for oral or external use:
- Varicose veins tablets;
- Ointment of varicose veins with anti -inflammatory, venotonic, anticoagulant and other useful effects.
In addition, many patients use the treatment of varicose veins in the legs with popular remedies:
- Alcohol tinctures of chestnut leaves or kalanchoe to rub and compress;
- Tomato compresses, cabbage, Kalachoe;
- Herbal infusions: Ortigas, Milenriz, Manzanilla and San Juan grass, raspberry sheet and an initial root.
Disease prevention
To prevent or slow down the development of varicose veins, doctors propose to adhere to such prevention rules:
- Lift the legs to the pillow;
- rejection of prolonged position;
- The use of preventive compression knitting, which can be selected in a pharmacy or medical store;
- regular physical activity (walk);
- weight control;
- If necessary, standing for a long time, performing simple exercises (rolling from the feet to the heel, climbing climbs, rotation in feet).
These measures will contribute to the mechanical reduction in the load in the venous channel, the improvement of the veins valve apparatus and the preservation of the vascular wall.